• Report 1 by Prof. Maurice Dusseault & DR.Baldeo Singh  [725,8 Kb]

    REVIEW OF BANJAR PANJI-1 INCIDENT
    PLANNING AND EXECUTION OF DRILLING PROGRAM

    This detailed technical examination of the drilling procedures for Banjar Panji 1 was prepared by two leading drilling experts, Maurice Dussault Phd, of Waterloo University, Canada and Baldeo Singh Phd an alumnus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.  The report concludes that all drilling operations were in keeping with accepted industry procedures and to the highest standards.

  • Report 1.1 by Prof. Maurice Dusseault & DR.Baldeo Singh  [1,4 Mb]

    REVIEW OF BANJAR PANJI-1 INCIDENT
    PLANNING AND EXECUTION OF DRILLING PROGRAM

    This detailed technical examination of the drilling procedures for Banjar Panji 1 was prepared by two leading drilling experts, Maurice Dussault Phd, of Waterloo University, Canada and Baldeo Singh Phd an alumnus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.  The report concludes that all drilling operations were in keeping with accepted industry procedures and to the highest standards.

  • Report by Ralph Adams, Drilling Specialist (April 3, 2007)  [120,9 Kb]

    Banjar Panji 1 Well Control Incident Report
    Prepared by Ralph Adams
    April 3, 2007

    This blow-by-blow due diligence investigation of the drilling program for the Banjar Panji 1 gas exploration well was prepared by Ralph Adams, a senior drilling specialist with nearly 30 years experience in the oil and gas exploration business in Indonesia.  Adams examined all  drilling data related to the period of the Yogyakarta earthquake on May 27, 2006 and the eruption of the LUSI mud volcano near the Banjar Panji 1 well on May 29, 2006.  His report conclusively states that the drilling of the well was not the cause of the LUSI eruption.

  • Report by Ralph Adams, Drilling Specialist in Powerpoint  [4,8 Mb]

    Banjar Panji 1 Well Control Incident Report
    Prepared by Ralph Adams
    April 3, 2007

    This blow-by-blow due diligence investigation of the drilling program for the Banjar Panji 1 gas exploration well was prepared by Ralph Adams, a senior drilling specialist with nearly 30 years experience in the oil and gas exploration business in Indonesia.  Adams examined all  drilling data related to the period of the Yogyakarta earthquake on May 27, 2006 and the eruption of the LUSI mud volcano near the Banjar Panji 1 well on May 29, 2006.  His report conclusively states that the drilling of the well was not the cause of the LUSI eruption.

  • Report by Dr. Adriano Mazzini, Mud Volcanologist (June 12,2007)  [975,7 Kb]

    Triggering and dynamic evolution of the LUSI mud volcano, Indonesia

    The most extensive research on the eruption of LUSI was conducted by an International team led by renowned mud volcanologist Dr. Adriano Mazzini, from the University of Oslo, Norway.   Scientists from several countries, including Russian, France and Indonesia participated in producing this report, which strongly suggests the Yogyakarta earthquake as the trigger for LUSI.

  • Report by IAGI, Mudflow Expert Team  [63,0 Kb]

    MUDFLOW GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS STUDIES IN PORONG,
    SIDOARJO, EAST JAVA
    Mudflow Expert Team
    Indonesian Association of Geologist (IAGI)

    This report prepared by an expert team from the Indonesian Association of Geologists (IAGI) examines in detail the geological factors leading to the eruption of the Sidoarjo mud volcano (LUSI) on May 29, 2006.  The report clearly links the eruption to recent tectonic movement in the area and refers to the long history of seismic disturbance in the region.  The report states that the eruption was part of a natural geological process.

  • Drilling Facts and Analysis  [1,5 Mb]

    A sudden eruption of hot mud and steam began on May 29th, 2006, near the Banjarpanji-1 exploration well in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia.
    In the early stages, the general public opinion speculated that the mud flows were caused by an underground blowout on the Banjarpanji well. But as the data was studied and analyzed, it quickly became clear that the mud flow was not triggered by the well, that an underground blowout did not occur. Firstly, the well-bore fluid pressure was too low to fracture the well bore.
    Secondly, there was no sustained pressure to propagate fractures.
    Thirdly and most importantly, the wellbore was open and totally dead whilst mud was erupting at more than 300,000 bbl/day only 200 m away.

fakta pengeboran

Sejarah Banjar Panji-1

Pada tanggal 18 Maret 2006, Lapindo Brantas mulai melakukan pengeboran 'sumur pengeboran Banjar Panji-1'. Perusahaan tersebut menargetkan cadangan gas di Formasi Kunjung, kolam endapan sedimen yang berada 3 km dari permukaan tanah.

Pada pukul 5:54 pagi, 27 Mei 2006, terjadi gempa bumi berkekuatan 6,3 skala Richter. Guncangan keras terasa sampai ke alat-alat pengeboran dan 7 menit kemudian sumur tersebut mengalami ''semburan liar' yang setara dengan 20 barrel lumpur pengeboran. Tim pengeboran mengendalikan situasi tersebut dengan standard normal industri, kemudian melanjutkan pengeboran.  

Empat sampai lima jam kemudian, terjadi dua gempa susulan berkekuatan 4,8 dan 4,6. Sumur kemudian mengalami 'semburan liar besar' diperkirakan sebesar 130 barrel lumpur pengeboran. Situasi ini juga dikendalikan menurut standard normal industri.

Pada saat itu, ditemukan retakan besar di permukaan tanah di sekitar area pengeboran. Dan dipastikan bahwa pergeseran tektonik secara lateral (ke samping) merupakan penyebab keretakan tersebt. Menurut studi seismik   yang dilakukan selama dan setelah gempa, tercatat ada sekitar 700 gempa susulan.

Pada pukul 5:00 pagi, 29 Mei, semburan lumpur dan air ditemukan dekat Desa Siring, 200 meter dari lokasi. Penduduk desa setempat meminta bantuan tim pengeboran yang bekerja di area, yang dengan segera menemukan tiga titik di sepanjang retakan yang baru saja terbentuk itu awalnya menyemburkan air panas mengandung garam dan kemudian lumpur sedimen.

Tidak ada semburan yang terjadi di sumur pengeboran atau tanah yang dimiliki oleh Lapindo Brantas.  Tidak ada lumpur yang menyembur dari lubang sumur, sebagaimana yang diyakini oleh orang-orang tanpa keahlian profesional melalui liputan media terhadap bencana ini.

Dua hari kemudian lebih banyak lagi semburan yang ditemukan di desa-desa lain yang berada dalam jarak 1 km dari pusat semburan awal.

Para ahli geologi yang bergegas menuju lokasi menyadari bahwa titik-titik semburan tersebut berada dalam satu garis lurus yang kemungkinan mengindikasikan hubungannya dengan patahan yang ada, dikenal dengan nama Patahan Watukosek.

Tampaknya aktivitas seismik tersebut mempengaruhi operasi pengeboran, kemungkinan disebabkan oleh aktivitas di bawah permukaan, dipicu oleh gempa yang mengaktifkan kembali Patahan Watukosek.

12 bulan kemudian lebih dari 90 titik semburan lumpur terjadi, memuntahkan sampai 150.000 m3 lumpur per hari.

Secara terpisah, sejumlah penelitian independen dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemungkinan penyebab semburan. Dua laporan kunci yang dikeluarkan oleh ahli internasional dengan kredibilitas tinggi menyimpulkan bahwa pengeboran tersebut telah mengikuti standard umum industri dan bukanlah faktor penyebab semburan lumpur. Para ahli geofisika, vulkanologi, dan tektonik umumnya sepakat bahwa semburan tersebut merupakan hasil dari Patahan Watukosek yang diaktifkan lagi oleh guncangan gempa.